mathematical functions for complex numbers
cmath – mathematical functions for complex numbers
This module implements a subset of the corresponding CPython module, as described below. For more information, refer to the original CPython documentation: cmath.
The cmath module provides some basic mathematical functions for
working with complex numbers.
Functions
cmath.cos
cmath.cos(z)Return the cosine of z.
cmath.exp
cmath.exp(z)Return the exponential of z.
cmath.log
cmath.log(z)Return the natural logarithm of z. The branch cut is along the negative real axis.
cmath.log10
cmath.log10(z)Return the base-10 logarithm of z. The branch cut is along the negative real axis.
cmath.phase
cmath.phase(z)Returns the phase of the number z, in the range (-pi, +pi].
cmath.polar
cmath.polar(z)Returns, as a tuple, the polar form of z.
cmath.rect
cmath.rect(r, phi)Returns the complex number with modulus r and phase phi.
cmath.sin
cmath.sin(z)Return the sine of z.
cmath.sqrt
cmath.sqrt(z)Return the square-root of z.
Constants
cmath.e
cmath.ebase of the natural logarithm
cmath.pi
cmath.pithe ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter